Sunday, 5 April 2009

Improving and innovating performance management

 

   Thinking about Leighanne Levensaler’s post has made me realise I’ve not written on performance management for some time.  But I have posted on it several times before.  I’ve even countered Bersin’s (and others’) recommendations to kill the performance appraisal:

“And then read Wally Bock's thoughts on abolishing performance reviews at Three Star Leadership.  Bock refers to a recent Wall Street Journal article which suggests performance reviews are 'ill-advised and bogus' and should be replaced by 'Two-side, Reciprocally Accountable, Performance previews'.  Bock is absolutely right in explaining that it's the ongoing conversation rather than the formal set-pieces which are important, but I think, although I don't agree with ditching performance reviews, that WSJ makes some good points too.  However, I'd ditch the rather ugly name, and unfortunate acronym ('TRAP'), and just call this coaching, which I think needs to be part of any performance management system worthy of this name.”

 

One of the best things I’ve read on performance management recently is a review in People & Strategy (volume 31, issue 3), including a write-up of a discussion with Ed Lawler, about his new book, Talent, held almost a year ago.  The discussion group concluded that performance management is the most critical process in managing talent, but is executed poorly, and “actually, the system/process often gets in the way of managing talent.”

Moving on into the Point / Counterpoint article, Marcus Buckingham suggested that:

“The performance system in most organizations is among the least productive and least popular of organizational rituals. It tends to be disappointing to the employees, frustrating to the managers, and nets little productive output for the organization. It is the equivalent, one might say, of a visit to a bad dentist: Before it happens, you don’t look forward to it; while it’s happening, you wish it were over; and when it’s done, you rarely get the outcomes you wanted.”

 

And Lynda Gratton recalled:

“When Gary Hamel and I asked a group of 20 CEOs at London Business School what was the process that was most broken in their companies, we expected them to talk about production or quality—or even perhaps some manufacturing process. They did not. Almost all said that the process that most irritated and annoyed them was performance management. The emotion in the room was running really high. It was not just that they believed it was broken—they absolutely hated it. They hated the bureaucracy, they hated the form filling, and they hated the ranking.”

 

Supporting my points about design and engagement in my previous post, the group noted that “the ‘ideal’ system and process still will have to be designed, and accepted”.  These are some of the suggestions for improving performance management made within the article:

  • Cascading goals vertically but probably horizontally as well
  • Not using a forced distribution
  • Being based on the organisation’s needs and, where possible, on each employees’ strengths
  • Being employee driven
  • Being fast and frequent
  • Involving the entire community
  • Being web based
  • Being unique – not copying another organisation’s process.

 

 

Much of this aligns with my own recommendations although these tend to go a little bit further than the above - tending to focus on creating a more innovative, higher value approach I’ve called performance leadership, being based upon dreams rather than objectives, and being MUSICal rather than SMART.

But of course, these are only examples and suggestions.  I think the most powerful point emerging from the articles is the need for best fit, and uniqueness, in the approach.  I’ve criticised some of Lynda Gratton’s signature processes previously, but I do think she’s right in suggesting that:

“Good practice can be a real spur to action—but great companies also invent their own ‘signature experience’ that sets them apart. By explicitly communicating what makes your firm unique, you can dramatically improve employee engagement and performance.”

 

This applies to your performance management process as well.

 

 

Photo credit: Baskyes

 

 

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Tours through the blogosphere: B is for Bersin

 

 

My second tour stop is at Bersin & Associates.

 

As well as producing lots of great research (for example, if you’re a HR / L&D practitioner, you can participate in this new research initiative, The Corporate HR and Training Profession), I think Bersin have some great blogs on their site.

And as I did for my ‘A’ choice, I’m going to select one recent post I think is of particular note (and, I’ll admit, because it also focuses on an area I want to do some posting on anyway).  This is Leighanne Levensaler’s post, ‘Performance Management – can we make it more engaging?’, on her Bersin blog: Straight Talk on Talent Strategy.

 

I think Levensaler makes some great points in noting:

“Let’s face it, at most organizations, employees and managers use the performance management system at the beginning of the year to set goals and to establish development plans - and do not return to the system until they are required by HR to enter performance evaluations and make compensation decisions. When they do have to return to the “system”, they view their effort as an arduous, compliance-driven task rather than a business process to support a high performance culture. Moreover, in our Essential Guide to Performance Systems we found that three out of four managers “do not feel their performance management system helps them do their job better”.

The problem is that the majority of performance management systems implemented today were designed as automation tools for HR practitioners to collect information and not to support the business user. As a result, these systems are highly transactional, cumbersome, and just plain unintuitive. More importantly, they ask a lot of the business user and don’t give them much of any “value” in return. More than half of managers (from the same study) see performance management as an event, not a continuous process or set of management practices to align and engage employees.

If we really want support a high performance culture by encouraging employees and managers to embed performance management practices into their daily work life (i.e., updating goal progress, logging feedback and tracking development), the enabling technology must help them understand what they have to do and get them to want to do it. We must engage them.”

 

This point on engagement is absolutely key.  I’m sure we’ve all seen performance management systems of varying sophistication fail to gain buy-in, and the issue for me is almost always about how they provide a compelling way for managers to do something that, whilst many may understand is important, most would rather put to one side.

The other key point to me is how, whilst still being compelling, performance management is designed in a way that is going to really have a substantial impact on performance.  (Performance management still isn’t going to be successful if it’s engaging but doesn’t really make anything happen).  I’ll return to this point in my next post (however, I will note now, that I don’t, on balance, agree with Bersin’s recent recommendation that killing the performance appraisal is the right way to go).

 

 

Other ‘B’ ’s on my blogroll

Social Media related blogs:

Barry Libert’s Mzinga blog

Bertrand Duperrin’s Notepad

Biz Growth News

Blog Write for CEOs

 

HR related blogs:

Bob Sutton Work Matters

BPS Research Digest

Brain Based Biz

Brazen Careerist

 

 

Note, I’m categorising some of these blogs by their name (eg Brazen Careerist) and some by the blogger’s name (eg Bob Sutton).  This categorisation is actually based upon the names of the RSS feeds, and therefore the letter they appear under in my RSS reader.

 

As well as these blogs, two other at least somewhat social sites I’d recommend are BNet and Business Week’s Business Exchange.

 

 

Review the other things I’ve tagged

As well as the above recommendations, and the blogs at myalltop, you can see other blog posts and other web pages I’ve tagged at:

My delicious bookmarks

My shared items from Google Reader

My ‘Best HCM blogs on my blogroll’

 

All of these are also available on the sidebar of this blog.

 

 

 

 

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  • Saturday, 4 April 2009

    A is also for Alltop

     

        I started my tour of the blogosphere with 'A' for About.com HR, however, there’s another ‘A’ which is at least if not more important.

    Alltop is an “online magazine rack” of popular blogs, organised by topic, including HR.  One single page, http://hr.alltop.com, provides a really great selection of HR blogs, helping readers gain a good understanding of what’s happening in HR and, as Alltop phrase it: “enhancing your online reading by displaying stories from sources that you’re already visiting plus helping you discover sources that you didn’t know existed”.

    And of course, you can also search in other topics too.

    A recent addition to the site is ‘MyAlltop’ which enables people to create a custom Alltop page that contains only the subscriptions to the websites and blogs they want.  You can see my selections at http://my.alltop.com/joningham.

     

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    Friday, 3 April 2009

    Creating value through employee engagement

     

        My last few posts have looked at what engagement is, and how to measure it.  But of course, the most important thing is how to develop it and use it to drive business success (creating value).

    Creating value requires that people are put first, not just current business objectives.  Ie the energy for this comes from the outcome step of the HCM value chain, looking backwards at what activities will achieve these outcomes, and forwards to what business impacts will result – rather than starting with business impact and thinking about the activities and outcomes required to achieve these impacts.

    Putting people first requires an acceptance that people have different engagement drivers, and are engaged in different ways, so we need to take account of these when we look to engage them.  This principle is fairly widely accepted now – but hasn’t always been.  I remember being quite shocked when I read the following statement in Watson Wyatt’s book, the Human Capital Edge:

     

    Value for money through engagement

    ‘“Focus on the basics. People are more alike than different.” It seems counter-intuitive when researchers use detailed data to identify the unique factors that make people tick, but we suggest that companies stop looking so hard for differentiating factors. Over and over again we have seen organizations spending phenomenal amounts of money figuring out what their target employees (say, female Generation Xers) want, and then putting special program in place to attract them. In our view, this is a serious misallocation of resources. Because what those female GenXers want the most from the workplace is exactly what everyone else wants the most: pay for performance, opportunity, strong leadership, fairness. It is very difficult for companies to get those big things right, so they should place their resources where they do the most good.”

     

    I think this approach is about providing value for money as it will help improve existing, basic methods of engagement, but won’t help achieve business objectives.

     

    Adding value through engagement

    An adding value approach takes particular organisational groups – by level, function etc, or particular employee demographics, and looks to support them in different ways in order to achieve certain business results.  It’s about adding value because the focus is on the business results, not the people themselves.  It’s still not getting to the heart of their engagement.

     

    Creating value through engagement

    Creating value requires that organisations treat people differently because of their own individual requirements, interests, perspectives etc.  This is the only way that they will be truly engaged, and therefore will be more likely to make a meaningfully substantial impact on their organisation.

    It is still possible to take people together in groups, but these groups need to be formed using similar engagement drivers rather than organisational factors or traditional demographics (there’s an interesting post on this in the context of employer branding at Libby Sartain’s blog).

    However, even better is to deal with each individual as an individual.

    One obvious way of doing this is to talk to them, ask them about what gets them out of bed in the morning.  I participated in a conversation about this on David Zinger’s employee engagement ning recently.

    I think the other way, which in my experience can work best, is to give people hints about the sorts of factors which may engage them (this approach also helps people understand the variety in the sorts of things which engage different people.  See for example, these two packs of engagement cards:

     

     

    Photo credit: Ingolfson

     

     

     

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    Thursday, 2 April 2009

    Engagement surveys: the next generation. Survey your human capital (*)

     

         In my last post, I provided some advice on surveying the engagement of your workforce.  But why stop there?  What's so magical about engagement which means this is the only thing you think about surveying, when human capital consists of so much more?  As I've described, engagement is just one bucket inside the bigger bucket of human capital.  And this itself is contained within the even bigger bucket of organisational capability (human + organisation + social capital).  So why not survey these?

     

    What's in your bucket?

    The first step is still to decide what you need to put in your bucket.

    To do this, you need to think about the organisational capability you need to create value for your business - for instance a coaching culture (as a topical example).

    (In reality, this is a bit more complicated than I've just described it of course.)

     

    Or less ambitiously, you could think about the human and organisational resources you require to add value to specific, short-term business goals.

     

    Beyond engagement

    The second step is to think about what measures you can take to help you understand the development of these outcome?  Some of these measures can be provided by the use of employee surveys, and some through other things (eg management information systems for absence, turnover etc; exit interviews; joiner interviews; turn-down feedback; 360 degree feedback; performance rating distributions etc).  But if you follow this process, I bet you'll end up with questions you want to ask your employees that go beyond engagement outcomes into other things.  For example:

     

    Human capital

    • Demographics (for diversity)
    • Health
    • Capability
    • Quality of output
    • Utilisation
    • Productivity

     

    Organisation capital

    • Fitness for purpose
    • Changeability

     

    Social capital

    • Connections internally and externally
    • Level of support
    • Nature of conversations

     

     

    Link back to activities

    The third step is to identify measures for the activities you are undertaking to try and achieve the agreed outcomes.  Some of these measures can also be informed using the employee survey and in the same way that outcome questions will extend beyond engagement, these activity questions will extend beyond satisfaction to include employees' perspectives on different aspects of human, organisation and social capital.

     

     

    * = I'm not calling people human capital.  I'm saying you should survey your people ABOUT human capital.

     

     

    Photo credit: Pilaf 

     

     

     

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    Engagement surveys - linking satisfaction, engagement and business results


    OK, so I'm still posting my thoughts on engagement following on from About.com HR's recent post on this that I referred to under the first stop on my new tour of the blogosphere, (ie the letter 'A').

    I've posted about engagement being a bucket, and about engagement vs satisfaction - about it being more about commitment, but also something that is a measure of output rather than activity, and which is also of a higher level of value in the HCM value triangle.

    These factors mean that engagement surveys can be really interesting because they provide an opportunity to link satisfaction and engagement, and to draw some conclusions about causal relationships between these elements in the activity and outcome columns of the HCM value chain (part of the general service value chain or strategy map).



     

    Satisfaction (activity) questions should focus on 1) the elements in the employee value proposition ie those practices that the organisation is hoping will engage its staff; and 2) key concerns of staff which can picked up through an initial diagnosis before the survey itself begins.
    Engagement (output) questions should focus on the individual people themselves, for example:
    Rational
    • Alignment
    • Commitment
    Emotional
    • Advocacy
    • Passion
    Behavioural
    • Effort (discretionary behaviours)
    • Retention

    There's nothing new about this insight, but I'm still often surprised by the number of surveys that don't provide this capacity.
     
    Problems with Engagement Surveys
    Some of the problems I encounter include:
    • No attempt to link further forward in the value chain, ie to correlate engagement (outcome) with business impact
    • Not enough engagement questions - you need at least half a dozen measures to make it worth correlating responses for satisfaction and engagement questions
    • Not specific enough engagement questions ie lack of thinking about what needs to go in the bucket (survey firms that want to maintain their benchmark databases are the main cause of this problem)
    • No engagement questions, only satisfaction ones (Gallup is the main culprit here - Q12 consists of satisfaction questions which have been correlated with business impact but it misses out the vital level of outcomes in between.  Ie engagement is defined as something that is caused by satisfaction and itself leads onto business results, but Gallup deliberately avoids specifying exactly what engagement really is!
    • Lack of detailed reporting - no ability to interrogate the data, to be able to report locally on a team's engagement to the team manager etc.

    My advice - don't put up with problems like these.  Develop your own, bespoke survey in-house, based upon key engagement drivers that you've identified beforehand (through focus groups etc).  Accept the trade-off that you won't be able to benchmark your results with the fact that you'll end up with something much more meaningful for you.


    Previous engagement posts:


    My next post will help you extend beyond engagement to survey on human capital itself.




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    Wednesday, 1 April 2009

    Learning to learning 2.0

     

    ITU Developing potential slide   During my session on talent management at the ITU event, I emphasised the need to rebalance traditional forms of training with mainly manager-led support, including on-the-job training and coaching, and mainly individual-led development, including use of e-learning, and ongoing informal learning.

    Later on, we also had some interesting sessions more focused on the requirements for effective learning, particularly from Clive Shepherd and Donald Clark.  Donald commented on the need for people to take notes and share their learning in order to enhance recall, so here is a summary of my take-ways (plus some personal interpretation supported by the usual mix of some personal knowledge, experience and perspectives etc) from these sessions.

    Basically, learning has moved on, and needs to change even more, in response to:

     

    Changing demands

    • The increasing stock of knowledge and increasing pressure on time means that knowledge workers can no longer know everything they might need when they need to know it.  Knowing where to find knowledge, but also knowing who might be able to provide required knowledge, both become important.  'Connectivism' emphasises the social nature of learning.

     

    Changing understanding of the processes of learning (from neuroscience)

    • Our brains can easily be overwhelmed by too much information, and forget very quickly most of the information that's been initially taken in.  Boredom isn't a state that's likely to enhance acquisition or retention.

     

    Changing mechanisms for learning (the availability of web and other technology)

    • New tools, eg web 2.0; virtual worlds, mobile devices etc are already helping people to learn more naturally (socially and excitingly) than they are often enabled to do in education and at work (helping gen y outsmart the older generations).

     

    Changing expectations (the supply of people to learn)

    • Gen Y demand authenticity, interactivity, collaboration - but so, increasingly do the rest of us - in Europe, in the CIS and elsewhere.

     

     

    In summary, traditional training isn't well suited for effective learning (or at least, it's just a 'toolbox with only one tool').  The future of learning is going to look very different, and will be very well linked to what's happening on the web / web 2.0  ie learning 2.0.

     

    I agree with most of what Clive and Donald presented.  I do however, find learning styles quite useful and Maslow's needs quite helpful too - even if they're not a hierarchy.  And I'm not going to throw NLP in the bin either - it may not fit with what we know, but I know it sometimes fits with what I need.

     

     

     

     

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    A foolish HR Carnival

     

       The HR carnival is up at Fistful of Talent.  Or at least it was - it seems to have disappeared again.  Perhaps that's the April Fool?   Anyway, I'm sure it'll be back soon.  Take a look, and also read Kris Dunn's post on engagement surveys, then compare to my posts on engagement preceding and following this particular post.  I'll link back to Kris' post as I complete this series over the next couple of days.

     

     

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    Strategic-HCM: #2 (well, really #1) in the UK!

     

         I recently added Strategic HCM to RiseSmart's Career 100 blogs and have just learnt that it has come out at #75 (out of over 250 blogs).

    So, thank you for reading - the ranking is all down to you!

    However, while being enormously grateful and really pleased to be in the top 100, to be honest I suppose the ranking is a bit lower than I was hoping for, especially having been in Fistful of Talent's top 25 in the past.  But the rating system is obviously very different and I think the categorisation is a bit broader, and I'm still #2 out of UK career blogs (and that's only because I'm behind my Talking HR co-podcaster Krishna De's Biz Growth News - and she's in Ireland!!! - so this blog is really #1!).  And I'm really chuffed with that.

    Still, I have been doing a particularly high amount of posting recently, and with ongoing publicity (see for example, All Things Workplace, Cheezhead, Gautam Ghosh, Great  Leadership, HR Thoughts, Punk Rock HR, Secrets of the Job Hunt - and obviously here!) and new blogs joining the list all the time, the trajectory is probably going to be downwards rather than moving higher up.

     

    You can help maintain this blog's ranking!

    Go and take a look at RiseSmart's Career 100 directory.  It’s a great tool for research — whether you’re a blogger, a jobseeker, an HR manager, a recruiter, or all of the above - see the site's search function, which enables you to query the content of all 250+ Career 100 blogs at once.  You can:

    • Search by blog name: You can search for specific blogs in the Career 100 and quickly find their rankings and other information.
    • Search content: You can search the content of all Career 100 blogs with a single search by either keyword or topic.
    • View recent posts: You can also view a popup window displaying recent posts from each Career 100 blog.

     

    While you're there, do providing your rating for this blog - click on 'rate this blog'  and score 1-5 (with 5 being the best rating) on:

    • Most Frequent Updates (mine are about once a day at the moment)
    • Biggest Scoops (OK, I don't really do this)
    • Best Writing (that's why your here isn't it?).

     

     

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    Tuesday, 31 March 2009

    Talent management in ICT

     

    ITU talent management slide   I've been at the International Telecommunication Union (ITU)'s capability development event for Europe and the CIS in Budva, Montenegro over the last few days.  We had lots or rain but apparently its sunny there again today.

    I found there was a very interesting mix of participants and speakers, talking about capability development at national level and in country regulators, and talent management in telecom firms, with a heavy focus on learning and especially e-learning to support all of this - with one eye on the more difficult economy and the other on the national economies, regulatory infrastuctures and characteristics of Southern, Central and Eastern Europe including the CIS.  I think I found the event particularly interesting as I've done quite a bit of work in telecoms, and in the geography too.

    This was the ITU Director's summary of the challenges facing participants:

    "In this period of economic downturn, we are seeing that competitive advantage lies very much in fostering the skills and competencies of people — and this cuts across nations, regions, sectors and organizations. Particularly in a knowledge-based economy, whoever has the best talent wins. Numerous surveys reveal that shortage of internal talent and skills can be an organization’s greatest challenge. Top CEOs now all recognize the importance of supporting, fostering and growing talent within their organisations. And this is particularly true in the rapidly changing ICT sector where the need for new staff skill sets is constantly shifting. As the economic crunch is leading to cuts in staff and outsourcing — management has to adapt to making do with less — and making far better use of what they have. Now, more than ever, those responsible for learning, development, and retention of staff have to deliver on practical core business needs."

     

    I picked up these points and talked about the changing nature of talent management, quoting from the recent Stepstone report I've posted on here recently, and identified the following challenges:

    1. Understanding who is talent now
    2. Dealing with increased uncertainty, particularly over the longer-term
    3. Developing their potential, and the increasing need for coaching, e- and informal learning
    4. Maintaining momentum when surveys are showing talent management falling down the list of business leaders priorities.

     

    My next post is going to deal with some of the particular challenges for effective learning (and that will apply anywhere, not just in telecoms and Europe / the CIS.

     

     

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